Artificial Intelligence::an Introduction

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science that aims to create. Textbooks define the area as "the study and design of intelligent agents," where an intelligent agent of a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that are optimal chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, described it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines."

The field was on the assertion that a central feature of human intelligence-the wisdom of Homo sapiens, can be so precisely described that can be simulated by a machine set up. This raises philosophical issues about the nature of the mind and limits of scientific hubris, the issues have been addressed by the myth, fiction and philosophy since antiquity. Artificial intelligence is the theme of optimism, but has also suffered setbacks , and today has become an essential part of the technology industry, providing the heavy work for many of the hardest problems in computing .


AI research is highly technical and specialized, deeply divided into subfields which often fail to communicate with each other. subfields grew to about particular institutions, the work of individual researchers, the solution of specific problems, longstanding differences of opinion about how AI should be done and the application of many different instruments. The central problems of AI includes features such as reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects. General intelligence (or "strong AI") is still a long-term goal of (some) investigations.